Git - A version controller system for programming

Git is a distributed version control system that tracks changes in any set of computer files, usually used for coordinating work among programmers wikipedia

Install

From: https://git-scm.com/

Git basic commands

Go to your prooject folder and, then, initialize a repo with

git init

Once you do that, you will see a .git folder in your project folder.

git status

This tells you what it is not still saved in the repository. These are the "untrack" files.

git status

git add

"Git add" add changed files/folders to the repository staging area of the branch. It tracks them. You can add a single file with:

git add <file>

You can also add a folder

git add <folder>

You can add all unstaged files with a dot:

git add .

git rm --cached

You can unstage files from being commited

git rm --cached <file>

git commit

Commit the changes you have staged properly with:

git commit -m "message that describes what you have changed"

To undo the most recent commit we've made:

git reset --soft HEAD~

git config

To setup user name and user email:

git config --global user.name "NameOfUser"
git config --global user.email "email@email.com"

git branch

To create a new branch:

git branch <newBranchName>

To list all existing branches:

git branch

To switch to a branch:

git checkout <destinationBranch>

To create a new branch and checkout into it in one command:

git checkout -b <branchName>

To delete a branch:

git branch <branchName> -d

If you want to force the deletion (maybe some changes are not staged), then:

git branch <branchName> -D

git merge

Having two branches (main and newbranch), to merge changes contained in newbranch to main branch, go to main branch with "git checkout main" and merge the new branch with:

git merge <newBranch>

git log

It displays all commits and their commit message. Every commit has an id associated. Yo can use that id for reverting changes.

git log

git revert

It allows us to revert back to a previous version of our project.

git revert <commitId>

.gitignore

It's a configuration file that allows you to hide existing files and folders in your repository. Content listed there don't get pushed to a public repository. The file is called .gitignore and has one line per resource to be ignored.

Also, important, if a file was staged before you will need to remove it from cache...

git remove --cached

To remove from cached files and include it later into the .gitignore file list.

git remove --cache <fileName>

git remote

To check out which remote repository our local repository is connected to:

git remote

To connect my local project folder to the github repo.

git remote add origin https://github.com/username/reponame.git

git push

To push our local changes into the connected github repo:

git push -u origin main

Note: origin references the connection, and main is because we are in the main branch (that's what we are pushing). The first git push is a little different from future gitpushes, since we'll need to use the -u gflag in order to set origin as the defaulto remote repository so we won't have to provide its name every time.

Some tricks

Counting commits

git rev-list --count

If you want to specify a branch name:

git rev-list --count <branch>

Backing-up untracked files

Git, along with some Bash command piping, makes it easy to create a zip archive for your untracked files.

$ git ls-files --others --exclude-standard -z |\
xargs -0 tar rvf ~/backup-untracked.zip

Viewing a file of another branch

Sometimes you want to view the content of the file from another branch. It's possible with a simple Git command, and without actually switching your branch.

Suppose you have a file called README.md, and it's in the main branch. You're working on a branch called dev: git show main:README.md

git show <branchName>:<fileName>

Pentesting git

Source: https://thecyberpunker.com/tools/git-exposed-pentesting-git-tools/

git-dumper

https://github.com/arthaud/git-dumper

Last update: 2024-05-03
Created: January 1, 2023 21:59:36